A rotary screw compressor operates by using two helical rotors, typically called the male and female rotors, that are housed within a chamber. These rotors are precisely machined and mesh together tightly, creating a series of air pockets or chambers between them.
The operation of a rotary screw compressor can be broken down into four main stages:
1. Intake
As the male rotor turns, it draws air into the chamber through the inlet valve. The air is then trapped in the spaces between the rotors and the chamber walls.
2. Compression
As the rotors continue to rotate, the air pockets become smaller, causing the trapped air to be compressed. This compression occurs continuously as the air moves along the length of the rotors.
3. Discharge
Once the air reaches the end of the rotors, it is pushed out through the discharge valve. The discharge pressure is determined by the design of the compressor and can be adjusted as needed.
4. Cooling and Lubrication
During the compression process, the air temperature rises. To prevent overheating, rotary screw compressors are equipped with a cooling system, typically utilizing air or oil cooling. Additionally, lubrication is necessary to reduce friction between the rotors and ensure smooth operation.
